“Then God said, “Let us make people in our image, to be like ourselves . . . So God created people in his own image; God patterned them after himself; male and female he created them.” Genesis 1:26, 27 NLT
Normally, when I read, or remember, this verse, I am encouraged and know that I am special. I am pleased that I hold (or have the potential to hold) many of God’s characteristics such as the ability to love, forgive, show mercy, and offer grace. But, God the Father as well as Jesus are also shown in the Bible with not so pretty traits: anger, hate, and jealousy. Does this mean I have these traits, too? In particular, I think of the latter trait, jealousy, and an apparent contradiction seen in the Bible. Here is a sticky question that sometimes plagues me: Given that we are created in God’s image (as the above verse tells us), why does God get to be jealous in the second commandment but we cannot covet in the tenth commandment? In order to sort this out, let us start with two word studies, then investigate the context, and, finally, find the answer.
First, the tenth commandment: “You shall not
covet your neighbor’s house. Do not covet your neighbor’s wife, male or female servant, ox or donkey, or anything else your neighbor owns” (Exodus 20:17).
Clarifying the meaning of covet is a good place to start. The word comes from the Hebrew,
chamad, which means ‘to delight in, beauty, greatly beloved, covet, delectable thing, lust, and precious thing’. Notice, there is quite a range of “coveting” within this definition, from merely ‘delighting in’ to ‘lusting’ (which I would define as an uncontrollable desire). Further, the definition of covet from www.dictionary.reference.com is 'to desire wrongfully, inordinately, or without due regard for the rights of others, e.g. to covet another's property'. Envy is listed as a synonym. This definition leans toward a negative implication for covet. In addition, the Life Application Study Bible explains that coveting is to wish to have someone else’s belongings, not simply admiring them; that coveting includes envy, which is resenting the fact that others have what you do not. Finally, in checking other English versions of this verse, the word covet is used most frequently with envy and lusting used once each. So far, so good. Let us continue.
Next, the second commandment: “For I, the Lord your God, am a
jealous God” (Exodus 20:5).
Frequently, in our English language, we interchange the use of jealous, envy, and covet so perhaps the Hebrew is the same. But, no, this word jealous is from the word
qanna, meaning to be jealous or envious. In fact, this is an official name of God: Kanna, or Qanna, and is found in Exodus 20:5, 34:14; Deuteronomy 5:9; Isaiah 9:7; and Zechariah 1:14, 8:2. There is no denying it; our Lord is a jealous God. So, given that these two words, jealous and covet, seem to have similar meanings, and that God is a jealous God, why cannot we covet our neighbours’ possessions?
This answer comes when we take the verses in context with the setting and other verses next to them. The second commandment tells the Hebrews not to make or worship idols (false gods) and expands on the first commandment not to worship any other gods. All because God is a jealous God. As our creator, he wants all our affections, our attention, and our worship on him, the One True God, the Lord. My conclusion then, is that if we seriously desire/covet our neighbours’ belongings and focus our attention on getting those things, then we are putting our faith in these things, not God. By following the tenth commandment, we can obey the second commandment!
With that sorted out, I return to my original dilemma: since we are made in God’s image, how is it that we can be jealous, but not covet? Thankfully, I found a good answer in the Apostle Paul’s second letter to the Corinthians. Paul says, “I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy” (2 Cor 11:2). Again, I turned to the word study. The first jealous here is Greek for 'to desire, to be jealous over, to have zeal'. Jealousy in Greek is
zelos meaning 'to have zeal, heated desire either favourable or unfavourable'. Again, it was still somewhat confusing until I looked at for what Paul is jealous. His was a godly jealousy – he is thinking like God – he wants the Corinthians to worship God alone, just what God wants! Paul does not want their possessions; he wants their whole attention to focus on the Lord God.
So, Lord, help me to not be jealous of, or envious of, or covetous of my neighbours’ belongings, but rather, help me to reflect your image by being jealous for others’ worship to go to you. Help me to focus my worship on you. Help me to remember that you provide for all my earthly needs and that you shower me with the blessings most appropriate for my circumstances. May my satisfaction and worship rest in you. Amen.